What is a notable side effect of the antibiotic aminoglycosides?

Aminoglycosides, a class of antibiotics that includes drugs like gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin, are primarily known for their effectiveness against certain types of severe infections, especially those caused by Gram-negative bacteria. However, a significant and notable side effect associated with the use of aminoglycosides is nephrotoxicity.

Nephrotoxicity refers to damage to the kidneys, which can result from the accumulation of the drug in the renal tissue. This side effect occurs because aminoglycosides can lead to renal tubular cell damage, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney issues or those receiving high doses or prolonged therapy. Monitoring kidney function through serum creatinine levels is critical during treatment with these medications to detect any potential nephrotoxic effects early and to manage them effectively.

Other side effects associated with aminoglycosides do exist, but they are either less common or not as impactful as nephrotoxicity in terms of clinical significance. Hepatotoxicity is associated more with other classes of antibiotics, gastrointestinal bleeding is not a typical concern with aminoglycosides, and cardiotoxicity is generally more linked to different medications intended for cardiac use. Therefore, the risk of nephrotoxicity stands out