What is a significant side effect of antiepileptic drugs?

Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can lead to a range of side effects, one of the significant risks being bone marrow suppression. This condition may manifest as a reduction in various blood cell types, which can lead to complications like anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow suppression occurs due to the action of certain medications that can directly inhibit the bone marrow's ability to produce blood cells, resulting in a compromised immune system and increased susceptibility to infections, bleeding, and fatigue.

This side effect highlights the importance of monitoring blood counts in patients taking AEDs, particularly those on long-term therapy or specific agents known to be more likely to cause myelosuppression. Regular screening helps in early detection and management of any hematological abnormalities arising from the treatment with these medications. In contrast, while other options present valid concerns regarding adverse effects of AEDs, they are less centrally linked to the pharmacological properties of these medications compared to bone marrow suppression.