What is the primary side effect of benztropine that requires monitoring in clients with Parkinson's disease?

Benztropine is primarily used as an anticholinergic medication for managing symptoms of Parkinson's disease, particularly to counteract the side effects of other Parkinson's medications. One significant side effect associated with benztropine is urinary retention, which occurs due to the drug's anticholinergic properties.

Anticholinergics can inhibit the activity of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including bladder contractility. By blocking acetylcholine's action, benztropine can decrease bladder contractions, leading to difficulty in urination or urinary retention. This issue is particularly pertinent in the elderly population often affected by Parkinson's disease, as they may already have compromised urinary function.

Monitoring for urinary retention is essential because it can lead to complications such as urinary tract infections, bladder distension, and discomfort, significantly impacting the quality of life of the patient. Recognizing and addressing this side effect helps healthcare providers manage the drug's therapy effectively while minimizing adverse effects.