Which of the following is an appropriate use of beta-blockers?

Beta-blockers are a class of medications that block the effects of adrenaline (epinephrine) on beta-adrenergic receptors in the body. They are commonly used in various clinical scenarios due to their ability to lower heart rate, reduce blood pressure, and decrease myocardial oxygen demand.

In the context of chronic heart failure, beta-blockers play a significant role in management. They can improve heart function by slowing the heart rate and preventing the detrimental effects of excessive sympathetic stimulation, aiding in the overall reduction of heart workload. Additionally, studies have shown that certain beta-blockers can help in increasing survival rates and reducing the risk of hospitalizations in patients with heart failure. They also help in managing symptoms by improving exercise tolerance and quality of life.

In contrast, the other options listed do not represent appropriate uses of beta-blockers. For instance, while beta-blockers can sometimes exacerbate asthma symptoms due to bronchoconstriction, they are typically contraindicated in patients with reactive airway disease. Increasing heart rate during exercise is not an effect achieved through beta-blockers; instead, these medications are known for their heart-rate-lowering effects. Enhancing gastric emptying is unrelated to the pharmacological action of beta-blockers, as they do not influence gastrointestinal